美国St Pete Pier/Ken Smith Workshop

创造城市活力的圣彼得码头
St. Peters Pier that creates urban vitality

设计的本质是利用创新来吸引游客，而圣彼得码头的改造正迎合了这一特点，那它是如何将已经废弃的老码头打造成充满活力的公共景观呢？让我们来走进充满鲜活生命的圣彼得码头。

The essence of design is to use innovation to attract tourists, and the transformation of St. Peters Pier caters to this characteristic. So how does it transform the abandoned old pier into a vibrant public landscape? Lets walk into St. Peters Pier, which is full of life.

自十九世纪末最早的迭代以来，圣彼得码头一直是佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的身份和形象不可或缺的一部分。过去的它废弃陈旧，无法迎合现代人的审美，但历史的文脉又使得它有更深层次的理解，所以该项目通过对交通和空间的整合，增添并提升了基础设施，为城市市中心的复兴注入活力。

The St. Pete Pier has been integral to the identity and image of St Petersburg, Florida, since its earliest iteration in the late nineteenth century. In the past, it was abandoned and outdated and could not cater to modern peoples aesthetics. However, the historical context has given it a deeper understanding. Therefore, this project adds and improves infrastructure through the integration of transportation and space, and provides a better environment for the city center. Revival injects vitality.

重建的码头区由两个项目组成，圣皮特码头和码头引道。它通过建筑、景观设计、规划、多模式通道、弹性规划等相结合来提升多途径通过空间。设计利用三角形的结构打破了传统一条直线通道，构架了环绕式供人行走的路线，两侧大面积的草坪与周围环境完美融合提成了空间整体氛围。

The redeveloped dock area consists of two projects, the St. Pete Pier and the Pier Approach Road. It enhances multi-passage space through a combination of architecture, landscape design, planning, multi-modal passages, flexible planning, etc. The design uses a triangular structure to break the traditional straight-line passage and construct a wrap-around route for people to walk. The large areas of lawn on both sides perfectly integrate with the surrounding environment to create the overall atmosphere of the space.

从构思的开始，新码头就被设计为开放空间用途和多样化体验的集合。设计本身就具有社会、经济和环境目标的城市基础设施的典范。更重要的是，它创造了一个令人满意的目的地，拥有引人入胜的景观和建筑空间、自然美景和活跃的公共规划。

Inspired by local ingenuity and traditional agricultural practices, the stacked green roofs of urban agriculture at the University of Law and Political Science have formed retention lawns that can slow down, absorb, and store rainwater, while also being used for growing food. All runoff will be filtered through each layer of soil and stored in four reservoirs, capable of collecting up to 11718 cubic meters of water for roof irrigation and future use.

利用区域联动提高空间活跃度
Use regional linkage to increase spatial activity

该设计强调与现有历史悠久的海滨公园和市中心社区的联系。码头区被认为是一个以行人为重点的多模式区域，与圣彼得堡市中心的日常生活相连，与自行车道、慢跑道、停车场和公共交通等交通和娱乐系统相联系。

Another issue addressed by this project is to help students and community members rediscover their history and educate them on sustainable organic farming practices. A century ago, the original site of the rooftop farm was a rice plantation. With the expansion of Bangkok, the rice fields were flattened, but through this project, rice production returned in modern form. Through volunteer service, 40000 students and nearby residents learned how to plant and harvest this cultural landscape heritage.

倾斜的草坪提供了人们停留休憩的场所，旁边的广场空间增添了活动空间，不仅提升利用率更增加了游客体验感。

The sloping lawn provides a place for people to stay and relax, while the adjacent square space adds activity space, which not only improves the utilization rate but also increases the sense of experience of visitors.

码头和新结构提供遮荫、遮盖和舒适感，宽敞的悬挑屋顶与建筑景观无缝融合。

 The pier and new structures provide shade, cover and comfort with generous, overhanging roofs that integrate seamlessly with the built landscape. 

建筑设计遵循佛罗里达州地区现代主义的色调，其特点是低调色彩和混凝土、金属以及木材简单的搭配从而展现出松弛的美感。周围的环境借鉴了沙丘、红树林和河口等沿海本土类型，通过结合和本土植物，对当地景观进行了具有凝聚力的诠释。

The architectural design follows the palette of regional Florida modernism, characterized by understated colors and simple combinations of concrete, metal, and wood to create a relaxed aesthetic. The surrounding environment draws on coastal native types such as dunes, mangroves and estuaries, creating a cohesive interpretation of the local landscape through the incorporation of native plants.

提出可持续发展的管理方法
Propose management methods for sustainable development

设计团队提出了多种创新方案来解决复杂的挑战，包括设计雨水系统使得符合水管理的需求，在排入海湾之前达到符合要求的水质等可持续的水管理方法。比如具有本土生态的雨水花园和生物洼地，这些方法不仅能完善需求更可以为游客带来愉快的观感和有教育意义的探索体验，同时为野生动物建立了自然栖息地。

The design team proposed a variety of innovative solutions to solve complex challenges, including designing stormwater systems to meet water management needs and achieving sustainable water management methods such as achieving required water quality before discharge into the bay. For example, rain gardens and bioswales with native ecology can not only improve the needs, but also bring pleasant viewing and educational exploration experience to tourists, while establishing natural habitats for wild animals.

设计完善了人们对于停车刚需，在保持行人的参与度的同时保障停车需求。项目重点放在活跃的中心（行人欢迎广场和市场展馆）、家庭公园和海滨边缘。将停车位围绕这交通流线展开，此外们还为电车服务提供交通规划服务，将码头游客与城市核心、停车场、餐厅和景点连接起来。

The design improves people’s rigid needs for parking and ensures parking needs while maintaining pedestrian participation. The project focuses on the active center (welcoming pedestrian plaza and market pavilion), the family park and the waterfront edge. Arranging parking spaces around this circulation, we also provide transportation planning services for tram services, connecting pier visitors to the city core, car parks, restaurants and attractions.

更有趣的是在码头安置了Echelman的艺术装置，为游人提供了一片绿洲。在这里，人们可以享有片刻的宁静，感受与自然宇宙的联系。“天空就是我艺术品的画布” Echelman说道，“由于这件艺术品在室外，被安置在新鲜的空气中，在疫情期间，它为人们提供了一个真实且安全的共享之地。”

Echelmans art installations provide visitors with an oasis where they can enjoy a moment of tranquility and feel connected to the natural universe. “The sky is the canvas for my artwork,” Echelman said. “Because this artwork is outdoors and placed in the fresh air, it provides a real and safe place for people to share during the pandemic.”

新码头代表了城市基础设施的未来，是景观、建筑和城市主义高度融合的作品。当人们在新码头游玩时不仅沉浸在当地文化、历史和环境中更能体会到城市复原力、环境意识、社会公平、公共交通和娱乐。

The new pier represents the future of urban infrastructure and is a highly integrated work of landscape, architecture and urbanism. When people visit the new pier, they not only immerse themselves in local culture, history and environment, but also experience urban resilience, environmental awareness, social equity, public transportation and entertainment.

项目信息 

项目名称：St Pete Pier: Revitalization of Waterfront and Historic Pier Site 

素材来源: https://www.asla.org/.com